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中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

  中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄

  由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

  麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

  一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

  此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

  作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。

  美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

  这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。

  从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

  两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

  (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

  The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

  Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

  On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

  On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

  Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

  As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

  But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

  CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

  This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

  Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

  From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

  Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

  The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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无比困难的决定?蔡英文宣布延长兵役年轻人不买账******

  中新网12月28日电 综合台湾媒体报道,27日,台湾地区领导人蔡英文时隔744天召开记者会,宣布从2024年1月1日起,2005年1月1日以后出生的役男,义务役役期由4个月延长为1年。台湾舆论对这一改革批评声浪不小,“票投民进党,青年上战场”也已经成为了台湾年轻人的惯用讽刺语。

蔡英文。图片来源:台湾中时新闻网 杜宜谙 摄

  蔡英文:无比困难的决定

  年轻人:还不都是你造成的

  蔡英文在记者会上声称,延长兵役是“无比困难的决定”,还称“只要台湾够强,青年就不用上战场”。

  岛内年轻人对蔡英文的说辞并不买账:“还不都是你造成的。”

  有台湾网友直言:“问题不是服役多久,问题是为何走到兵役要延长,是谁造成的。答案大家心知肚明”。还有网友讽刺,“票投民进党,青年上战场”“为了美国优先,台湾人年年缴保护费、吃莱猪、献上台积电……结果老美还嫌不够……”。

台湾网友评论截图

  此前,也有岛内民调显示,针对“若两岸开战是否愿意上战场”问题,高达65.2%民众表示不愿意,其中20至29岁不愿上战场比例高达七成。

  暨南国际大学公共行政与政策学系教授柯于璋表示,那些反对“九二共识”的人从没能拿出一个像样的主张,只会叫嚣、反对,最终也只能把两岸情势逼到墙角;这些人不仅拿不出像样的主张,还只能靠延长兵役壮胆,声称只要台湾强盛,年轻人就不用上战场。

  延长兵役的背后,

  “选票”和“美国人”扮演什么角色?

  有台媒分析,为了争取台湾人对延长兵役的支持,民进党当局洋洋洒洒写了26页的说帖。然而,除役男薪水大幅增加,役期纳入劳保年资,还提出分年分期入营,大学4年同时完成学业与役期的构想,摆明讨好役男与家属。

  《中国时报》刊文称,让念大学的役男兼顾学业与役期,就是在抢短线,只为2024年选举。这个构想若要可行,最可能的办法就是大学生利用寒暑假去当兵,等于将役期拆成分期支付,这样训出来的兵,比现在4个月的军事训练役还不如,防务部门怎么会答应?当局难道不知道方案不可行?但仍释出研议讯息,目的就只有一个,降低2024年“大选”对民进党选举的冲击。这是标准的选举计算。

  而对于台湾宣布的征兵改革,美国白宫发言人在回复台湾“中央社”询问时表示“欢迎”。这名发言人声称,美方会依循“与台湾关系法”与“一个中国”政策承诺,持续协助台湾维持足够的自我防卫能力。

  岛内网友纷纷就此吐槽,“摆明了美国把台湾人民当炮灰在看”“台湾延长役期 美国表态肯定 民进党完成主人任务”“被人卖了还帮别人数钱”“募兵装模作样大可精简,改征兵浪费年轻人宝贵青春作美国梦数馒头?”

  对此,有台湾学者分析,目前台当局的作法,只能暂时缓解来自华府的压力,相信后续华府仍会持续针对台湾防务支出、建军规划、装备采购、战术战法与役期等项目,进行“关切”。

资料图:台湾陆军学员训练画面。图片来源:台湾中时新闻网

  备战可以避战?

  和平才能避战!

  台湾《中国时报》28日的一则评论直指,自蔡政府上台以来,持续操作“抗中保台”;但蔡政府从来不诚实告诉民众,搞“抗中保台”不是“请客吃饭”那么轻松,绝对是要付出代价的。

  孙文学校总校长张亚中28日也发表评论表示,“兵役延长”一旦落实,它只是个起步,台湾未来必须还要付出更多的代价继续增购武器,也让台湾成为美国的军火库。

  “备战才能避战”是一种似是而非的思维,要备多少军备,征募多少兵力,才能达到“避战”的效果?如果台湾确定要用“备战”的思维,那么未来防务预算必须大幅提升,“延长兵役”为1年绝对不够。

  张亚中说,台湾人民很不幸,有一个以美国马首是瞻,不在乎台湾命运的领导人;有个唯唯诺诺,看到美国就只会点头遵命的政党。两岸关系是台湾的生死大事,但民进党当局只会用“延长兵役、增加军备、依靠美国”等陈旧方法来因应,拱手将台湾的未来交给美国来操盘。

  “用创造两岸和平来确保台湾安全才是唯一的思路。”张亚中最后说道。

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